Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium Supplementation on Oxidative Stress in Assam Hill and Beetal Crossbred Goats during Transitional Period
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Abstract
Introduction: Oxidative stress during late gestation can adversely affect fetal development, immune function, and overall reproductive performance. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of antioxidant supplements, including vitamin E and selenium, in reducing oxidative stress (pregnancy stress and heat stress) during the transition period in Assam hill and Beetal crossbred goats.
Materials and methods: A total of 24 healthy pregnant Assam hill and Beetal crossbred goats, each weighing 17-20 kg, were randomly assigned to four groups, each with six goats. The treatment groups consisted of vitamin E at 100 mg and selenium at 0.5 mg (T1), vitamin E at 250 mg and selenium at 1.25 mg (T2), and T3 vitamin E at 500 mg and selenium at 2.5 mg (T3), with these supplements incorporated into their basal diet and administered orally. The control group was given only the basal diet. Different parameters, including hematological parameters (Total erythrocytic count, total leucocytic count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume), physiological parameters (Temperature, pulse rate, and respiration rate), and biochemical parameters (Total protein, glucose, and cholesterol), were evaluated in four months. Additionally, hormonal levels of Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), and cortisol were assessed, along with oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).
Results: No significant differences were observed among any groups in terms of body temperature, pulse, or respiration rate. The current findings indicated that groups T2 and T3 demonstrated significantly increased serum levels of T3 and T4, as well as an increase in SOD activity, compared to the control group and Group T1. Conversely, groups T2 and T3 indicated a notable reduction in cortisol and MDA concentrations compared to the control group and T1.
Conclusion: Administering 500 mg of vitamin E along with 2.5 mg of selenium has yielded more promising results on oxidative stress; thus, it is recommended for use in pregnant Assam hill and Beetal crossbred goats during the transition period to help reduce stress.
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