Traditional Herbal Medicine and its Prospects among Goat Breeders of Benin
Article Sidebar
PDF downloads: 75
XML-PubMed downloads: 16
XML-DOAJ downloads: 10
XML-Crossref downloads: 17
Crossref Citations: 0
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: The use of traditional medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases in livestock farming is a common practice in Benin. Various ethnoveterinary studies have documented plants that livestock farmers use to treat animal diseases. However, these studies have been limited mainly to inventorying these plants, without exploring farmers’ perceptions on the use of these plants to promote the sustainable use of medicinal plants. The current study aimed to fill this gap by gathering farmers’ views on the use of traditional herbal medicines.
Materials and methods: A structured survey was conducted from February to April 2023 in the southern, central, and northern regions of Benin. This survey targeted 480 goat farmers who actively engage in veterinary phytotherapy practices. Data were collected through random individual interviews with farmers. The interviews focused on the socio-cultural characteristics of the farmers, their motivations for using medicinal plants, the different forms of preparation, the plant efficacy, the difficulties encountered when using them, and prospects for improvement using open-ended, multiple-choice, and yes/no questions.
Results: There were three distinct groups of goat farmers based on their opinions on the use of traditional herbal medicines and their socio-demographic characteristics. Group 1 consisted mainly of married and illiterate men. Group 2 was predominantly composed of married and educated men. Group 3 consisted mainly of married men, with a slightly higher illiteracy rate compared to Group 2. Group 1 used plants due to their easy accessibility and knowledge acquired since childhood, while groups 2 and 3 used them due to the high cost of conventional medicines and the perceived effectiveness of herbal medicine. Group 1 mainly used decoctions and powders, group 2 utilized powders, macerations, and trituration, and group 3 used raw preparations, decoctions, and macerations. All three groups agreed on the widely recognized efficacy of medicinal plants. Nevertheless, they encountered difficulties concerning conserving traditional herbal remedies and the imprecision of dosage. All three groups expressed a willingness to explore new forms of traditional herbal medicines, such as suspensions and tablets, prioritizing efficacy, availability, and affordability.
Conclusion: The results indicated that all three groups of goat breeders expressed a willingness to use herbal medicines. However, they prefer suspensions and tablets of herbal medicines rather than other forms. In addition, prioritizing efficacy, availability, and affordability are notable for using herbal medicine in current study farmers. These results offer prospects for improving traditional herbal medicines.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Tchetan E, Olounlade AP, Azando EVB, Quinet M, Marcotty T, Hounzangbe-Adoté SM, et al. La médecine ethnovétérinaire à la croisée de la recherche scientifique : Synthèse des connaissances et perspectives [Ethnoveterinary medicine at the crossroads of scientific research: Synthesis of knowledge and perspectives]. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 2021a; 74(3): 167-175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36762
Houndje E, Ogni C, Noudeke N, Farougou S, Youssao A, and Kpodekon T. Recettes ethno-vétérinaire à base de plantes médicinales utilisées pour le traitement de la fièvre aphteuse au Bénin [Ethno-veterinary recipes based on medicinal plants used to treat foot-and-mouth disease in Benin]. Int J Biol Chem Sci. 2016; 10(5): 2090-2107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v10i5.13
Noudèkè ND, Dotché I, Ahounou GS, Karim IYA, and Farougou S. Inventory of medicinal plants used in the treatment of diseases that limit milk production of cow in Benin. J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2017; 4(1): 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2017.d183
Tchetan E, Olounlade AP, Houehanou TD, Azando EVB, Kaneho JA, Houinato MRB, et al. Ethnoveterinary knowledge of sheep and goat farmers in Benin (West Africa): Effect of socio-economic and environmental factors. Heliyon. 2021b; 7: e07656. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07656
Degla LH, Olounlade PA, Lagnika L, Attindehou S, Amoussa AMO, Dansou CC, et al. Ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants traditionally used for treatment of intestinal parasitosis of animals and humans in Northern Benin. J Med Plants Res. 2021; 5(10): 466-478. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2021.7138
Dansou CC, Olounladé PA, Konmy BSB, Songbé O, Arigbo KB, Aboh AB, et al. Ethno-veterinary survey and quantitative study of medicinal plants with anthelmintic potential used by sheep and goat breeders in the Cotton Zone of Central Benin (West Africa). J. 2021; 4(4): 544-563. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/j4040040
Pascal OA, Eloi AY, Bertrand AEV, Sylvie HAM, and Hervé H. Effet in vivo de Newbouldia laevis (Bignoniaceae) sur des strongles gastro-intestinaux des moutons [In vivo effect of Newbouldia laevis (Bignoniaceae) on sheep gastrointestinal strongyles]. Eur Sci J. 2017; 13(12): 335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n12p335
Azando EVB, Olounlade PA, Hounzangbe–Adote MS, Tam Ha HA, Fabre N, and Valentin A. Contrôle des parasitoses gastro-intestinales ovines par l’huile essentielle de Zantholylum zantholyloïdes (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes) [Control of ovine gastrointestinal parasitosis with Zantholylum zantholyloïdes essential oil (Fagara zanthoxyloïdes)]. Rev Med Vet. 2017; 168(10-12): 205-212. Available at: https://ut3-toulouseinp.hal.science/hal-03148830/preview/AZANDO_2017.pdf
Alowanou GG, Azando EVB, Adenilé AD, Koudandé DO, Chrysostome CAM, and Hounzangbé-Adoté SM. Evaluation of the in vivo anthelmintic properties of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) as a livestock dewormer against parasitic hematophagous worm Haemonchus contortus infections in different breeds of lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2020; 52(1): 309-319. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02014-w
Stathers TE, Chigariro J, Mudiwa M, Mvumi BM, and Golob P. Small-scale farmer perceptions of diatomaceous earth products as potential stored grain protectants in Zimbabwe. Crop Prot. 2002; 21(10): 1049-1060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(02)00089-3
Oladele O, and Fawole O. Farmer’s perception of the relevance of agriculture technologies in South-Western Nigeria. J Hum Ecol. 2007; 21(3): 191-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2007.11905971
Institut national de la statistique et de l’analyse de l’économie. Principaux indicateurs sociodémographiques et économiques [Main socio-demographic and economic indicators] (RGPH-4, 2013). 2016; INSAE Benin. p. 27. Available at: https://instad.bj/images/docs/insae-statistiques/enquetes-recensements/RGPH/1.RGPH_4/Indicateurs-et-Projetcions/Principaux%20Indicateurs%20projections%20Preface%20RGPH4.pdf
Lê S, Josse J, and Husson F. FactoMineR: A package for multivariate analysis. J Stat Softw. 2008; 25(1): 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v025.i01
R project. The R project for statistical computing. 2021. Available at: https://www.R-project.org/
Ouattara KE, Doga D, Orsot BAMB, and ZIrihi GN. Plantes médicinales utilisées dans le traitement des maladies microbiennes dans la région du Hambol, nord de la Côte d’Ivoire [Medicinal plants used to treat microbial diseases in the Hambol region, northern Côte d'Ivoire]. J Anim Plant Sci. 2021; 47(1): 8412-8425. Available at: https://m.elewa.org/Journals/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/6.Ouattara.pdf
Hounzangbé-Adoté SM. L'élevage face à la pharmacopée en médecine vétérinaire au sud du Bénin. [Livestock farming and veterinary pharmacopoeia in southern Benin]. Bull rech agron Bénin. 2001; 33: 1-9. Available at: http://www.slire.net/download/1204/hounzangbe-adote_bra_033_2001.pdf
Yaye Abdou HY, Dayo GK, Issa M, Mani M, Idi I, and Marichatou H. Etude des pratiques d’élevage des moutons Peulh du Niger: Le Peulh blanc et le Peulh bicolore [Study of the breeding practices of the Peulh sheep of Niger: The white Peulh and the bicolored Peulh]. Int J Biol Chem Sci. 2019; 13(1): 83-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i1.8
Wasso D, Akilimali J, Patrick B, and Bajope J. Élevage caprin: Situation actuelle, défis et impact socioéconomique sur la population du territoire de Walungu, République Démocratique du Congo [Goat breeding: Current situation, challenges and socio-economic impact on the population of Walungu territory, Democratic Republic of Congo]. J Appl Biosci. 2018; 129: 13050-13060. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/jab.v129i1.8
Gadjimi AKM, Mamman M, Dayo GK, Abdou FS, Lawali S, and Hamani M. Aspects socioculturels et pratiques d’élevage des chèvres Rousse et Noire de Maradi au Niger [Sociocultural aspects and breeding practices of the Rousse and Noire goats of Maradi in Niger]. J Agric Vet Sci. 2020; 3(1): 23-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/2380-1301042337
Lebroy M. Les soins au bétail chez les Peuls: Une tradition ancestrale [Care of the livestock, an ancestral tradition among the Fulanis]. Bull soc Fr Hist méd sci Vét. 2003; 2(2): 77-83. Available at: http://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/prelude2020/pdf/biblio-vl-17-lobry.pdf
Nicolas JP, Chikh K, Lebeurier N, and Meunier Q. Savoirs traditionnels et santé communautaires: La stratégie alternative de Jardins du Monde [Traditional knowledge and community health: Jardins du Monde's alternative strategy]. Jardins du Monde. 2004; p. 70-75. Available at: http://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Savoirs-traditionnels-et-sant%C3%A9-communautaires-strat%C3%A9gie-alternative-de-Jardins-du-monde-Chikh-Lebeurier-Meunier-Nicolas.pdf
Latoundji AF, Koko KIED, Djego SD, and Djego JG. Diversité et phytochimie des plantes médicinales utilisées dans le traitement traditionnel des maladies mentales aux nord de la République du Bénin [Diversity and phytochemistry of medicinal plants used in the traditional treatment of mental illness in the north of the Republic
of Benin]. Afr Sci. 2019; 15(2): 44-56. Available at: http://www.afriquescience.net/AS/15/5.pdf
Mounkaila S, Soukaradji B, Morou B, Karim S, Issoufou HBA, Mahamane A, et al. Inventaire e gestion des plantes médicinales dans quatre localités du Niger [Inventory and management of medicinal plants in four localities in Niger]. Eur Sci J. 2017; 13(24): 498. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n24p498
Zinsstag J, Schelling E, Waltner-Toews D, and Tanner M. From one medicine to one health and systemic approaches to health and
well-being. Prev Vet Med. 2011; 101(3-4): 148-156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.07.003
Challaton KP, Boko KC, Akouedegni CG, Alowanou GG, Houndonougbo PV, and Hounzangbé-Adoté MS. Traditional goat rearing in Benin: Health practices and constraints. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 2022; 75(1): 9-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36893